An introduction to Nivolumab (Opdivo®) and its common usage and dosage.(Part 1)👀👀👀

Nivolumab (Opdivo®) is a monoclonal antibody. It binds to the PD-1 receptor, thereby blocking the interaction of the PD-1 receptor with PD-L1 and PD-L2. Immunosuppressive responses mediated by the PD-1 pathway will be blocked (such as tumor immune responses). Nivolumab can be used to treat a variety of malignant tumors in adults. Nivolumab is commonly used in the form...

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An introduction to Ipilimumab (Yervoy®) and its common usage and dosage.👀👀👀

Ipilimumab (Yervoy®) is a cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) immune checkpoint inhibitor. It is a monoclonal antibody that binds to CTLA-4 and inhibits the interaction between CTLA-4 and its ligands CD80/CD86. It blocks T cell inhibitory signals induced by the CTLA-4 pathway, thereby increasing the number of active effector T cells. These T cells will...

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An introduction to Atezolizumab (Tecentriq®) and its common usage and dosage.👀👀👀

Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) may be expressed on tumor cells and/or tumor-infiltrating immune cells. It promotes the suppression of antitumor immune responses in the tumor microenvironment. PD-L1 binds to the PD-1 and B7.1 receptors on T cells and antigen-presenting cells. The activity, proliferation and cytokine production of cytotoxic T cells are thereby inhibited....

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An introduction to Avelumab (Bavencio®) and its common usage and dosage.👀👀👀

Avelumab (Bavencio®): It is a Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor that was first approved by the FDA in 2017. Programmed Death Ligand 1 is expressed on tumor cells and immune cells infiltrating tumors. It suppresses anti-tumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment. PD-1 and B7.1 receptors on T cells and antigen-presenting cells bind to PD-L1. They inhibit...

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