An introduction to Ipilimumab (Yervoy®) and its common usage and dosage.👀👀👀

Ipilimumab (Yervoy®) is a cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4
(CTLA-4) immune checkpoint inhibitor. It is a monoclonal antibody that binds to CTLA-4 and inhibits the interaction between CTLA-4 and its ligands CD80/CD86. It blocks T cell inhibitory signals induced by the CTLA-4 pathway, thereby increasing the number of active effector T cells. These T cells will directly launch a T cell immune attack against tumor cells. CTLA-4 can block and reduce the ability of regulatory T cells, thus helping to enhance the anti-tumor immune response function. Ipilimumab selectively depletes regulatory T cells in tumor locations, leading to an increase in effector T cells within the tumor. It causes tumor cell death.

Common Adult Usage and Dosage of Ipilimumab:

The common dosage form of Ipilimumab is an injection. It can only be given as an IV infusion and not as an IV push or bolus injection. When it is used with nivolumab, nivolumab should be infused first, followed by ipilimumab infusion on the same day.

The combination of Ipilimumab and nivolumab is indicated for the treatment of unresectable, previously untreated, non-epitheloid malignant pleural mesothelioma: Ipilimumab - 1 mg/kg once every six weeks, administered intravenously over 30 minutes. Nivolumab - 360 mg once every three weeks, intravenous infusion over 30 minutes; or 3 mg/kg once every two weeks, intravenous infusion over 30 minutes.

Unresectable or metastatic melanoma: Ipilimumab - 3 mg/kg once every three weeks, administered intravenously over 30 minutes, for a maximum of four doses. Ipilimumab (3 mg/kg, once every three weeks, as an intravenous infusion over 30 minutes) can be used in combination with nivolumab (1 mg/kg, once every three weeks, as an intravenous infusion over 30 minutes) for a maximum of four doses or unacceptable toxicity, whichever occurs first. After completing four doses of combination therapy, nivolumab was administered as a single agent until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Adjuvant treatment of melanoma: Ipilimumab - 10 mg/kg once every three weeks for a maximum of four doses, followed by 10 mg/kg once every twelve weeks for a maximum of three years, administered as a 90-minute intravenous infusion.

Advanced renal cell carcinoma: Ipilimumab (1 mg/kg, once every three weeks, intravenous infusion over 30 minutes) can be combined with nivolumab (3 mg/kg, once every three weeks, intravenous infusion over 30 minutes). After completing four doses of combination therapy, nivolumab was administered as a single agent until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) metastatic colorectal cancer: Ipilimumab (1 mg/kg every three weeks as an intravenous infusion over 30 minutes) may be combined with nivolumab (3 mg/kg every three weeks as an intravenous infusion over 30 minutes). After completing four doses of combination therapy, nivolumab was administered as a single agent until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Hepatocellular carcinoma: Ipilimumab (3 mg/kg every three weeks as an intravenous infusion over 30 minutes) may be combined with nivolumab (1 mg/kg every three weeks as an intravenous infusion over 30 minutes). After completing four doses of combination therapy, nivolumab was administered as a single agent until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Metastatic non-small cell lung cancer with PD-L1 positive expression: Ipilimumab (1 mg/kg, once every six weeks) combined with Nivolumab (360 mg, once every three weeks, intravenous infusion over 30 minutes). Patients received combination therapy until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Alternatively, treatment was continued for two years in patients without disease progression.

Metastatic or recurrent non-small cell lung cancer: Ipilimumab (1 mg/kg, once every six weeks) combined with Nivolumab (360 mg, once every three weeks, intravenous infusion over 30 minutes). Platinum-doublet chemotherapy was administered every three weeks based on histology. Patients received combination therapy until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Alternatively, treatment was continued for two years in patients without disease progression. Two cycles of histology-based platinum-doublet chemotherapy.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: Ipilimumab (1 mg/kg, once every six weeks, intravenous infusion over 30 minutes) combined with Nivolumab (3 mg/kg, once every two weeks. Or 360 mg, once every three weeks. Intravenous infusion over 30 minutes) treatment. Patients received the combination therapy until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or up to two years.

At the same time, ipilimumab can be used to treat unresectable or metastatic melanoma, MSI-H or dMMR metastatic colorectal cancer in pediatric patients 12 years of age and older. Injection is also a commonly used dosage form of ipilimumab for children. The dosage is generally the same as that for adults.