Some things can cause rhabdomyolysis.💪💪💪

In recent years, there have been reports of rhabdomyolysis caused by the consumption of a large amount of fish, seafood and crayfish. This brings rhabdomyolysis into the spotlight. Although the main cause is unknown, it may be caused by a biological toxin. Under normal circumstances, fish and shrimp do not contain this toxin. The toxin may enter the body of fish and shrimp under special circumstances, such as the waters where the fish and shrimp are contaminated by certain viruses and bacteria. In fact, only a few people suffer from rhabdomyolysis due to eating seafood. There are a variety of other causes, such as excessive exercise, muscle squeezing, excessive heat and cold temperatures, drugs and heavy drinking, and other bacterial or viral infections that can lead to rhabdomyolysis.

What is Rhabdomyolysis?

Rhabdomyolysis refers to a series of striated muscle damage caused by a variety of inherited or acquired diseases that affect the striated muscle cell membrane, membrane channels and their energy supply. Rhabdomyolysis is often accompanied by acute renal failure and metabolic disorders.

Excessive exercise causes rhabdomyolysis.

The vast majority of young patients with rhabdomyolysis are caused by exercise. It is common in people who do not exercise regularly and suddenly exercise. Most people think that excessive exercise will only cause backache and leg pain the next day, and it will be fine after a rest. However, in recent years, as more and more people exercise and weight training, the incidence of exercise-induced rhabdomyolysis has been increasing, and 48% of patients require hospitalization. Rhabdomyolysis can be mild or severe. Mild patients only need appropriate rehydration. In severe cases, acute kidney injury, multiple organ failure and even sudden death can occur. Therefore, exercise should be moderate, and must pay attention to observation after exercise. When there is muscle swelling and pain, the pain cannot be relieved after rest, and there is oliguria, no urine or even soy sauce-colored urine, be sure to seek medical attention in time.

Be sure to drink enough water before and after exercise. Because only the adequate amount of water intake can ensure that the metabolites, toxins and contents caused by cell destruction produced in the body are excreted through the urine. It will not lead to the accumulation of toxins in the body and produce some adverse reactions. In addition, the exercise intensity should be reasonably arranged according to the individual physical condition. Exercise should gradually increase the amount of exercise, avoid sudden excessive exercise.

What drugs can cause rhabdomyolysis?

Hypolipidemic drug:

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (Statins): Such as simvastatin, pravastatin, atorvastatin, etc. These drugs are effective in lowering total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein. Statins can cause myopathy. It includes myalgia, myositis and rhabdomyolysis. The incidence of muscle discomfort varies among statins. It is generally around 5%, so this type of drug is also called a muscle poisoning drug.

Fibrates: Such as fenofibrate, bezafibrate, etc. These drugs mainly lower triglycerides and very low density lipoproteins. The combination of statins and fibrates increases the incidence of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis.

Anti-infective drugs:

Quinolone antibiotics (eg, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin) can increase the risk of tendonitis and tendon rupture. It can worsen muscle weakness in people with myasthenia gravis. Minors under the age of 18 should avoid use.

Anti-hepatitis virus drugs:

Such as lamivudine and telbivudine. These drugs can cause damage to the musculoskeletal system. It manifests as myalgia, arthralgia, elevated creatine phosphokinase, rhabdomyolysis and spasticity.

β2 receptor agonists:

Such as terbutaline, salbutamol, etc. This class of drugs is the first-choice treatment for asthma. They can selectively stimulate airway β2 receptors, dilate bronchi and improve respiratory function. About 30% of the cases of oral administration of terbutaline consistently have varying degrees of muscle tremor. Its mechanism is related to the excitation of β2 receptors in slow-twitch fibers of skeletal muscle. This accelerates muscle contraction and disrupts the fusion between fast and slow twitching fibers. Severe overdose may develop rhabdomyolysis and renal failure.

Medications that can cause hypokalemia:

Such as furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide, indapamide, amphotericin B, etc. Hypokalemia is a trigger for muscle dissolution. Therefore, the long-term application of potassium-scavenging drugs can cause rhabdomyolysis.

Narcotic psychotropic drugs:

Such as opioids, barbiturates, phenothiazines, succinylcholines, etc. These drugs can cause coma when taken in large quantities. This can damage the muscles under prolonged pressure, which can lead to rhabdomyolysis.

Other:

Such as theophylline, amiodarone, donepezil, colchicine, diphenhydramine, etc. These drugs can also cause rhabdomyolysis.

Rhabdomyolysis, regardless of the cause, should be treated as soon as possible to avoid delays in treatment.